What characterizes an endothermic reaction?

An endothermic reaction is characterized by the absorption of energy from the surroundings, typically in the form of heat. This means that during the reaction, the system takes in thermal energy, which can lead to a decrease in the temperature of the surroundings. This characteristic is crucial in distinguishing endothermic reactions from exothermic reactions, which release heat.

For example, photosynthesis in plants is an endothermic process, as it absorbs sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Understanding that endothermic reactions require energy input is vital when studying various chemical processes and their behaviors in different environments.