What is the purpose of the pH scale?

The pH scale serves the crucial purpose of measuring the acidity or basicity of a solution. It quantifies the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) present in a solution. A pH value below 7 indicates an acidic solution, whereas a value above 7 signifies a basic (or alkaline) solution. A pH of exactly 7 is considered neutral, which is exemplified by pure water.

Understanding the pH scale is fundamental in various scientific fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science, as it influences chemical reactions, biological processes, and ecological systems. By measuring pH, scientists can assess the suitability of conditions for different organisms, the effectiveness of chemical reactions, and the potential for environmental contamination or health hazards.