Which of the following describes the three states of matter?

The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. These states describe the distinct forms that different phases of matter take on based on the arrangement and energy of their particles.

In a solid state, particles are closely packed together in a fixed arrangement, which gives solids a definite shape and volume. The particles vibrate but do not move freely, resulting in a rigid structure.

In the liquid state, particles are still close together, but they have more energy than in a solid, allowing them to move around each other. This movement provides liquids with a definite volume but no fixed shape, enabling them to flow and take the shape of their container.

In a gas state, particles have even more energy and are far apart from each other. This high-energy motion allows gas particles to spread out and fill the entire volume of their container, resulting in neither a definite shape nor definite volume.

The other options refer to incorrect combinations or terms that do not accurately describe the fundamental states of matter recognized in physical science. For example, plasma is another state of matter but is not commonly classified alongside solids, liquids, and gases in the most basic educational contexts. Vapors and foams do not represent fundamental states of matter; rather, they describe particular conditions or mixtures